Historically, Australian Silky Terrier breed was named Sydney Silky Terrier, indicating its origin from the area of Sydney. However, most likely created in Ross lying in Tasmania. There is information that several families living in Ross hodowało terriers colored blue and fawn, used to exterminate rats and even snakes. Englishman Mc Arthur Little took probably one of the bitch to England and overlaid Dinmond Dandie Terrier. Returning to Australia, he took the information thus obtained hybrids and later helped to create a silky terrier. In 1959 the name was changed from Sydney Silky Terrier Australian Silky Terrier. As the name suggests, "Silky" means silk and refers to silken robes of the breed. To this day, Silky Terriers have the temperament indicative of the relationship of this race with former tępicielami pests. And although they belong to the miniature dogs are deservedly called terrierami.
Australian Silky Terrier arose in the first half of the nineteenth century. What is certain is that the Silky Terrier arose from a cross between the Australian Terrier, Yorkshire Terrier and with the participation Diandie Dinmond Terrier. However, please note that representatives of the three races to differ materially from these breeds of dogs living today. Probably in the uprising Silky Terrier was also attended by many other varieties of miniature terriers, but today it is impossible to tell what exactly were the race. It is certain, however, is that in the nineteenth century England brought about 25 Yorkshire Terrier to the state of Victoria and about 25 to Southern New England. Australian Terrier Breeders looking for dogs that may contribute to breeding Black and tan began using females for mating larger ones Australian Terrier Yorkshire Terrier. In this way, through the rearing of blood led to the creation of 3 types Terrier: Australian Terrier, Yorkshire Terrier and intermediate-type. Intermediate type dogs were divergent, some of them had some rough coat silky and it is these dogs became the starting point for growing Australian Silky Terrier
1889 years was the first Australian Terrier Club was founded in Victoria wirehaired he embraced his patronage of the Australian Terrier and Australian silky terrier. In 1890 he held the first exhibition of the club, during which the two breeds were judged in one class. Victoria was founded in 1908 Silky and Yorkshire Terrier Club of Victoria (dogs were registered with the Kennel Control Council), a similar club opened at the same time in New South Walli (dogs registered in the Royal Agricultural Society Kennel Control). They concentrated the largest number of breeders of race Silky Terrier. Independently of each other, both organizations have issued patterns Australian Silky Terrier. In 1900 in New South Walli and 1909 in Victoria. The two patterns overlap in critical areas, but differ in details. In both the standards required niskonożnego dog with an elongated body size of a typical wedge-shaped head Terrier. The hair on the ears, muzzle and legs should be long and silky jacket on the body. Differences included the establishment of two weight classes in New South Wales (up to 2.7 kg and from 2.7 kg to 5,4kg) and one in Victoria (from 2.7 to 5.4 kg). In Victoria, drooping ears and recognized standing and in New South Wales were considered only the ears pricked. Dogs of New South Wales in Sydney were called Silky Terrier and from Victoria Victoria Silky Terrier. But more often they began to use the name Sydney Silky Terrier until 1959.
In 1926, he began to harmonize the weight classes, have published a new pattern. In 1932 the Kennel Control Council of Victoria earned crossing Yorkshire, Australian and Silky Terrier. Unfortunately, progress in breeding occurred much later, because growers were not unanimous as to the ideal image of the breed. Part of the breeders prefer silky thumbnails Australian Terrier type with a weight of 3.6 to 4.5 kg; while others are smaller with a weight up to 2.7 kg. However, an excessive miniaturization entailed some drawbacks such as the wrong ridge. As a result of such actions became increasingly difficult to distinguish between the Yorkshire Terrier from Silky Terrier. This situation prevailed until 1959. To unify the masses contributed to American breeders (3,6-4,5 kg). When the 1958 Australian National Kennel Council realized that the rock can be considered an international standard developed by the Americans, they began again to work on the model formulated clearly, that "the maximum allowable weight is 3,6-4,5 kg. The new pattern was adopted in 1958 by the Kennel Council. The American Kennel Club finally recognized him in 1959. Pattern for many years did not undergo significant changes.
Recent changes in the pattern are the most radical since 1959. They are related in part to the fact that each race is being transformed over the years and partly social change in the approach to the dogs. The pattern of 19.04.2005 the most significant changes is the decoupling of weight and height. Formerly precisely defined weight of this breed ceased to exist. More important has become a growth that is 23-26 cm, to which the dog must have an appropriate figure. Another significant change is that the old patterns described was merely the appearance of the tail copied while the new is also a record that determines the appearance of the tail is not copied, which results from the fact that a growing number of European countries move away from such practices, considering them as mutilation dogs. Also in Poland for several years did not copy the tails Australian Silky Terrier in spite of still such dogs can be in our country issued.
Australian Cattle Dog was selected to exhibit in the Group Working Dogs starting from 09/01/1980. He was then transferred to the Group Dogs (Herding Group) when it was established as of 1 January 1983. The Australian Cattle Dog is a dog of a strong, vigilant and stróżującym. Originally bred to guard and herding cattle in the depths of the pristine areas of Australia. The coat easy to maintain, because bathing and brushing are sufficient to maintain the cleanliness and health. Grown as a shepherd working throughout the day, Australian Cattle Dog has a huge amount of energy.
GENERAL APPEARANCE: With the overall appearance of a strong, compact, symmetrical structure working dog. Having the ability and inclination to exercise all, any heavy tasks entrusted to it, the dog combines the reliability, power, balance and hard musculature. His appearance must therefore express great agility, strength and endurance.
The showing any tendency to fatness or cherlactwa is a serious drawback. The disadvantage is too excessive muscle hypertrophy. Dogs such seem sluggish and less agile in traffic.
SPECIAL FEATURES: For practical purposes used to help guard the cattle. Always alert, extremely intelligent, watchful, courageous and trustworthy, with instilled a sense of duty - a dog perfect for the role. His loyalty and caring instincts mean that he assumes the role of watchdogs in relation to the breeder's herd and property. Being suspicious of strangers, must also be obedient while on display in the ring.
The primary task of the Australian Cattle Dog was herding and guarding herds of cattle. Dogs of this breed are always alert, extremely intelligent, courageous and faithful. Accompanied by an Australian cattle farmers for more than 150 years old and still represent the largest after the Kelpie breed in Australia. Its popularity is owing to such features as strength, willingness to work hard, easy to lay, resistant to extreme weather conditions and the fact that they do not need much care. One dog alone can drive the 300 cattle and two dogs and two prods even 1,000. This agility, speed, excellent sense of smell and hearing and intelligence meant that the ACD is also indispensable dog to search and to rush cattle and sheep lost from the high thickets of Australian bush.
ACD move quietly and silently and at the same time are able to make rapid turns in place at full speed. Working method also is typical for this breed. Driving cattle gnaw them in hock quick single bed bug bites and they do dodge, laying on the side or bounce, making a return in place. In contrast, working in coral quick bites in the nose of cattle withhold them that it could not get out. In this case, they take the position warowania, standing or moving on przygiętych legs and a good dog never withdraws before the advancing cattle. They can also separate the art from the young adult or search the cow in heat.
By nature it is a dog distrustful of strangers and alert, with an innate instinct defense of the territory, which makes the ACD works perfectly as a guardian and protector both in the homes of the owners and the nearby guarded flocks. These dogs do not roam and left in the open air does not move away from its own territory or from the owner. The greatest satisfaction makes them to perform some task or preferably together with his master.
Innate tendency to take the initiative combined with outstanding efficiency body and mind. Robust and agile, full of enthusiasm and with a strong sense of duty, the Australian Cattle Dog is a faithful companion and loyal employee. However, this is a dog of one owner, his attachment often borders on addiction. Although eager to present to the entire family and is ideally suited as a tutor and playmate children, it feels the best, however, with his master. Usually, his infinite patience and sense of humor only "his people". In relation to foreign and sometimes suspicious at best indifferent and often aggressive, especially on its territory and in the absence of a guide. And although this is a medium-sized dog is his "rogue" look (described by Kaleskiego as "sly looking") and the way to get around is better able to scare the intruder than a barking Rottweiler. This does not mean, however, that you can not bring up a nice, friendly dog. While it is hard, energetic it has a well-balanced character and gets along great with the owner.
When the work is in full swing, at home, however, he is relaxed and easy to get along. The condition is provide it with sufficient doses traffic and ... mental work. This dog designed to work with a man and attachment to the owner is legendary and ACD will be concocting his master step by step, constantly tangled under his feet, because a knife is something to do but does not impose his personality. One should also know that these are long-lived dogs and dog of this breed will accompany us for several years and often twenty. A dog named Bluey breed ACD, which was owned by Les Hall of Rochester, Victoria, Australia, was born in May 1910. And died on 14 October 1939. He lived 29 years old and 5m months !!! This dog is considered to be the longest living dog in the world (are considered the only documented cases). For over twenty years he worked on cattle and sheep. To maintain the well-being of Australian Cattle Dog, however, needs an active lifestyle and outdoor activities and left alone may: slip into depression and bad eating habits (biting the tail, feet, etc.), Bite people chase for motor vehicles and animals, dig pits a garden like. That's why this race is not suitable for people who spend most of the day outside the home and do not have time to provide the dog company. The way out is taking your dog to work. Cattledog will quietly sitting under a desk at the feet of her Lord and it will be for him great satisfaction. Many people who are retired also appreciates the race. These dogs do not run, do not wander, are not noisy and eager to keep their company for an elderly person and are criminal, and in an emergency they can defend themselves. Hence their popularity among retirees in Finland who prefer the race to choose his companions.
All the positive qualities are appreciated not only in Australia but also in Anglo-Saxon countries, Argentina, and recently also in Europe. In the US and Canada, ACD are in the top 50 most popular races. Used for grazing cattle in the Central United States, Argentina and grazing reindeer in Scandinavia and Canada. Used in canine sports such as agilyty, freesby, flayball and also thanks to the ease of learning and original appearance in the film industry and advertising. Agility, courage, excellent sense of smell and ability to make decisions in extreme situations and a "watchdog" Australian Cattle size of Great Danes have made it increasingly used for training this breed rescue, police and military. Their alertness, the ability of observation and love the owner has also been used to train these dogs as guardians of the disabled, people with diabetes and epilepsy.
Please note that ACD like to dominate among the other dogs, so a fight between dogs are not uncommon, although they are rather quick and short encounter. As a young man are crazy about inexhaustible energy dogs prone to fights and sharp fun, age-appropriate training and their character is stabilized and in older dogs, these tendencies disappear and direct their attention to the owner. This makes it especially tend to be "jealous" of his attention, and with a few dogs of this breed is good to observe their internal hierarchy so as not to cause unnecessary tensions between dogs. Among cattledogów difference in strength of character between a dog and a bitch is not there, which is related to the purpose of the breed. Regardless of the sex of the dog she had to work well and it provided the backdrop for selection for the first breeders and today these criteria should prevail. All descriptions of the breed say that it is a quiet dog. Having already had experience in dealing with this breed came to the conclusion that, yes ACD work quietly, without barking at everyone you meet a dog or a human, moving silently but many copies sometimes noisy dogs when they are excited. Though at home rather they are quiet and their presence neighbors might not notice it while walking her joy of life and excitement coming just fun, whether his master back home, announce a very specific voice. As legend voice carries the voice reminds Owls Australia, or Australian Zmroczkika. And although it is not long "speech" is definitely a very astute. It should be taken into account when deciding on cattledog. Their voices, however, changes dramatically when warned of a coming intruder or defend territory. As guardians are excellent dogs, because they do not initiate an alarm for any reason.
Specific barking, snarling under his feet compensate for the fidelity and trust what we can give. If Australijaski Cattle Dog overwhelm the heart of your Lord, that even if he had many dogs will always wanted to be next to each other just the race. Cattle Dogi is addictive, and few owners have a dog of this breed. Captivate extraordinary intelligence, devotion, ability to adapt to the conditions in which they live, agility and cunning and extraordinary beauty.
HISTORY OF BREED first breeder did not have records of breeding, they wanted above all to create the best, considering the conditions in Australian sheepdog. As for the breed, the diverging opinions and it would be wrong to opt for one of them. All data relating to the formation of the breed based on the stored notes and old publications. In the early nineteenth century settlers in Australia they began to occupy areas of the central and western part of the continent. Huge spaces perfectly suited to grazing cattle and sheep, which resulted in the rapid expansion of the herds and need a dog that would be able to withstand severe climatic conditions and was so intelligent and confident that over vast areas able to work independently. At the beginning of settlers for grazing cattle they have used a dog called "Smithfield" - was a dog with a square body structure, residual tail, long and hard bristles, ointments mostly black with a white ruff.
He had a wedge-shaped head, long ears and somewhat ponderous gait. These dogs did not give cope with climate warynkami Australia, nor withstand the difficult terrain and long distances. They were also very barking. In the 30s of the nineteenth century, cattle beater named Timmins, he noted during a cattle drive that Dingo dogs do not bark, and at the same time have an innate instinct to herd them onto the victim overlap allowing her from behind. He crossed British Smithfield with dogs Dingo the result was a dog called "Timmin's biters". The dogs were rude about residual tail and worked in silence. Unfortunately, it turned out that there are too stubborn and biting too hard. With time ceased to use this cross to work but probably was used to create another Australian Stumpy Tail breed Australian Cattle Dog. To work with cattle not fit a crossword collie with bullterriers and quickly withdrawn from them, but still bullterrier (wrongly) is considered the ancestor of the ACD. In 1840, Thomas Hall, brought Scottish highlands pair of marbled collie. When working with cattle checked out perfectly, but loud barking and cattle occurred from the front (which is not the desired behavior during a cattle drive), losing PZY including a lot of energy still skirting the herd. Hall crossed the progeny of Scottish Blue Merle Collie with Dingo and was silent dogs called "Hall's Heelers".
For dogs Hall was a very high demand, as they were at that time the best race Cattle in Australia. Thomas Hall continued his work breeding until his death 28 maja1870. In the 60s and 70s the nineteenth century, George Elliott from Queensland, like Hall experimented with hybrids marbled Dingo and Collie. Dogs with the mating still called Hall's Heelers or "Queensland Heelers". With his kennel came out many excellent dogs. This led to meticulous notes, in which he described the qualities and defects in dogs. Eg., "Feb. 12, 1873 Ten-bitch of the year in one-fourth coming from the dingo, working with the herd so quietly that her name Munya (Aboriginal word meaning" quiet ")". Bitch that left the culture and overlaid it with great marbled Collie named Elliot (acquired him Aug. 2, 1875 year). From this mating came out excellent litter and one of the females, Rust, covered again marbled Collie named Steel. One of the puppies turned to a dog named Joker, one-quarter Dingo, and the dog hid females of the litter Rust and Steel's. A few dogs from kennels Elliott bought a butcher, Alex Davis, and these dogs with him arrived at the cattle market in Canterbury in Sydney. The manner in which these dogs have worked so impressed cattle prods that their puppies was immediately too. Among the buyers were two brothers of Canterbury, Jack and Harry Bagust. Their intention breeding was so "improve" the breed, so that the dogs were more tied to horses and people. They did this by using a mating Dalmatian belonging to Mr. Stephan, a lawyer from Ashfield / Sydney. From crossword puzzles Queensland Heelers and Dalmatian Bagustowie received dogs that do not already have marbled coat color but red and blue spotted.
Puppies born completely white and only about a fourth day could be determined what will be their hair color. At the same time expected to feature attachment to horses and people it was stronger than expected and dogs from this litter perfectly round this and work with the horse. Both brothers had a black and tan Kelpie, who admired the zeal to work. Kelpie crossed with puppies Queensland Heelers x Dalmatian. The effects have passed their expectations. They received active dogs, with a stocky build, in type somewhat ciężkawego dog Dingo, durable, working quietly, with a large herd instinct of defense and what is most interesting coat pups was the only of its kind on a global scale. Dogs blue had black patches around the eyes, black ears, brown eyes and a small white patch on his head. The torso was evenly covered with dark blue and light blue for years to came tan markings on legs chest and head. Rude dogs on the head and had dark red meaning, ears and patches of the same color. Jack and Harry Bagustowie ran and hid selective breeding only those dogs that were as close as possible to the ideal in terms of the mental and physical state and to communicate this unusual coat. Dogs from the kennel began to gain more and more popularity among cattle breeders and especially the blue variety. With time, dogs named "Blue Heelers", "Queensland Heelers", "Queensland Blue Heelers" drove the British Breed in working with cattle. Then again added "Swierze" Dingo blood in the 40s of the twentieth century. Dr. Allan McNivel crossed the ACD and the Dingo to improve the health, temperament sharpen and enhance the features of Dingo in kind. Most of the descendants of this cross was used for further breeding. Actually, ever since there were no longer any crosses, and in the culture focused on deepening suitable for the working dog traits, type, and color. We can say that dogs bred by the brothers Bagustów are the ancestors of current Australian Cattle Great Danes.
Reading the text well is preceded by a reading from a further development of dedicated min. Swiss shepherd dogs, namely - "History, kynologia, a legend ...." The theme of Swiss dogs zaganiających cause some controversy in the environment dog lovers. Some experts on the subject associate the origin of these pets with dogs accompanied the Roman legions (Strebel). Others, which include Hans Räber, on the contrary, they believe that Swiss shepherd is a breed indigenous. It has long been living in Switzerland. Originally version of disordered from the point of view of dog breeding. Räber emphasizes that it is wrong notion supposedly Pass of St. Gothard was the route of the march of the Roman legions. Local Dogs Cattle were kept on the sidelines road march of the Roman army. So all the associations on the subject, are his opinion, wrong. Romans journey north brought their dogs, which does not mean that they were the only quadrupeds working in Helvetia. More likely it is the hypothesis by mixing copies came from the legions of the local population of dogs.
It notes that the sources of past centuries can be found mention in particular about hunting dogs, as well as others in the hands of prominent figures. Dogs country which include, mentioned in the title race, just they have not been documented. Therefore, any information that might be complementary knowledge may be useful.
For Swiss peasant measure of the value of the dog was its usefulness. Herding and guarding herds, driving out to pasture, spending for milking, herding the barn, keeping the herd in a group, look for stray pieces and drove in their herd - are activities belonging to the breed, among others, Who knew his duty dog zaganiający should pacify the cow to break away from the herd. Grabbing the back gambrel - as a rule, an attempt to kick a dog - blitz dodge, dodge. This technique characterizes good dog zaganiającego. Animals that sting cattle blindly, or clutched his side was considered unsuitable. One thing is certain, the Cattle dogs sometimes lose their raison d'être and their existence by individual races, we owe lovers, enthusiasts, who in the twentieth century took care of the breeding ordered. Occurring in Switzerland, used for grazing cattle, dogs diverse country, with different appearance, constituted a material that cynologists standardize in terms of several breeds of dogs. The origins of this activity concern, in particular the breed. Figure that drew attention to the desirability of preserving the inherited traits shepherd dog Appenzell was Max Siber. Recognizing the value in use encountered copies, Siber promoted the removal of the breed in a strange way - it is a squat, almost elegant silhouette dog, but very useful. A characteristic feature of the breed is curled tail, which according to race promoter was viewed critically ... There was a suggestion that in the actions of breeding, you should aim to get the tail responsible for hounds (ie not twisted over the back).
Swiss Canine Society, at the end of the nineteenth century, several people set up a committee, whose task was to find the most typical representatives of the breed and rewarding the owners of bonuses (from 5 to 20 francs). The action took opponents. Also shepherds of Appenzell showed no understanding for the initiative. However w1898r. on display in Winterthur it appeared for the first time 8 appenzellerów. After his death in 1899 Sibera., An important figure who contributed to the continuation gave the race was discussed geologist Professor. A.Heim. This very active man, leading geological research in the Alps, was impressed by the appenzellerami. In 1906 it was founded Appenzeller Mountain Dog Club. The initiators were a group of enthusiasts race with Josef Gmünder at the helm. This initiative met with indiscriminate criticism. Public opinion considers that the assumption Club dog shows insanity initiator ...
Undeterred Gmünder opened the herd appenzellerów. It was the beginning of the culture of the pedigrees. The author of the first test was a professor. Albert Heim. Interestingly, developed the basic issues of race are valid today. Until the First World War in / in the book entered 100 dogs. The first dogs entered in the herd book, pokrojowo were similar to the assumptions pattern, but today determined that it is called - "Locate". The base gave the race consisted of eleven copies. In 1927 he was introduced to the culture of the last, of unknown origin dog. For objective reasons, breeding material was significantly reduced. The origins of the culture was characterized by a high degree of matching in the kinship of significant repetition of the same copies. A classic example was the pedigree bitch Meta von Grimmenstein, in which, at the level of 7 to 12 generations, stud Frisch von der Sitter occurs 121 times (for Hans Raber). It is curious that such a situation does not fruitful in various types of defects (?). The explanation is run very sharp selection and admission for further breeding only flawless copies. However, the issues of exterior were secondary. Strictly taken into account in particular the high degree of usefulness dog . At the beginning of breeding ordered experienced two types: slender, delicate legs, long ears and other harder built a broad chest. Prof. Heim, founder master, was a supporter of more of the robust figure and this opinion has become effective. Currently, there are appenzellery grown as much uniform in the sense pokrojowym race. Uniform color and drawing meanings. It is recognized as a salve brown, with yellow and white markings. Curled tail, which at the beginning of breeding the subject of the dispute, has become an iconic hallmark. To a large extent they have been standardized sizes of the breed. Also the issue of clothes, hair quite hard, resistant to inconvenience the weather, is clearly defined. For details, see the breed standard.
Full of temperament, quite noisily working dog, distrustful of strangers, still perfectly fulfills the role of "whipper-in". However, nowadays, more and more often finds itself perfectly as a companion dog, yet alert watchman.
That's the name of Spitz, which does not exist yet in the nomenclature Federation Cynologique Internationale. Thus, for now, we will not see him at shows dog show in Poland. How is this dog? Some say it's a little Samoyed. You can use a comparison, a reference to the more popular the breed, but do not identify breeds of dogs. Nothing could be further from the truth ... As if to say that manchester terrier is a small Doberman ... Each breed has several distinctive traits. It is no different with our hero. Let's look at history, eksterierowi, some close on the dog. Eskie for recognition as a separate breed speaks even its more than century-old pedigree. Race, successfully develops in the United States. In 1919 he was recognized by one of the canine organizations operating in the United States - United Kennel Club. Oddly enough, it was not associated with the adoption of the breed standard. While in 1958, developed the stories of race, this is just the creation of breed clubs straightened out how recognition and registration of dogs (National American Eskimo Dog Association -1970r., And the American Eskimo Dog Club of America). On the initiative of the latter club it was in 1995., Recognition of the breed by the American Kennel Club. It is very important that the FCI recognizes AKC pedigree dogs. Thus, the recognition discussed race in Europe has become a matter of time. It is worth noting that since 2006 the breed was recognized by the Canadian Kennel Club. How does an American Eskimo dog? It Spitz, of varying sizes. Some believe that this miniature Samoyed. It comes in three size categories - toy: 23cm to 30 cm, weight 2.4kg to 4.5 kg. - Miniature 30 cm to 38 cm, weight: 4.5 kg to 9 kg. - The standard 38 cm to 48 cm, weight: 8 kg to 16 kg. The variation in the breed makes Amarican Eskimo dog will prove themselves in both small block mieszkankach and in homes with gardens. Once used as a circus dog. Currently - a dog for company. It's a beautiful dog in the Nordic type. With it resembles Samoyed, so it is much smaller. Race is a relatively "young". It is believed that the Eskimo is not related to the European spikes. However, draws attention to the fact that among the five races Spitz German (Keeshond, Spitz large, Spitz medium, Spitz small and spitz miniature - pomeranian) at four races there among white coat, the exception is the Keeshond. Kindred with spiers German, Italian Spitz volpino, it can be pure white ointment. Name - American Eskimo dog raises some reflections, associating with dogs used by Inuit sled sledding. larger and more heavily-built spikes midnight. Often, races occur in an orderly dog breeding, are shaped by expectations other than those related to their ancestors. Eski, regardless of its versatility, it is primarily a companion dog. The orderly kynologicznie version of the breed should meet m .in. the following conditions.
COLOUR:alwayswhite,possiblywith cream-coloredmarkings. Tail: Bushy and curled over the back. Head: wedge-shaped. Prick ears and triangular. The eyes should be blue "glass" (preferably dark in color). It is important to good pigmentation of the eyelids and gums. The nose and toe pads should be black. Neck muscular, straight topline. Well muscled forelimbs and hind. Silhouette of the dog: in a rectangle, the height of the shoulder is slightly less than the length of the body. COAT: hair abundant, simple, always white; It tolerates small, creamy matter. The coat on the neck to form a ruff or mane. It is a special differentiator especially in males. The top coat to a length of 15 cm. The undercoat should be thick and plush. Temperament, character: a dog affectionate, loving, yet with character. Playful. As every cusp show some independence. Wary of strangers keeps in reserve. But the visitors after a brief hesitation, accepted. This intelligent animals. Training them is not a problem. The flight memorize the command. They are willing to cooperate and quickly take the new job. They like to work, are active. They require paying attention, interest, active leisure. Neglected, they can gain attention by barking or even aggression (also against his master). Left alone, they may show disobedience and stubbornness. They require active conductor. They like to work regular mental and physical training. Otherwise, you may become hyperactive and irritable. All sizes of eskie requires proper upbringing, socialization pose. These dogs love to be useful. The breed is well suited to most canine sports. Health. Dogs in good health. Maintenance and hygiene conditions do not differ from generally needed to the dogs with long hair. The breed has a tendency to hip dysplasia and progressive retinal atrophy. Pay special attention to the eyes and from time to time washed with the appropriate fluid. The observed tendency to greed can manifest rapid increase in weight. Therefore, active lifestyle, exercise, walking combined with fun exercises are very important. Care. It boils down to regular brushing coat, at least twice a week. During molting, which runs not too active, it is advisable to daily combing dead hair.
Once, during a break in a group obedience training dogs, I observed the following scene. Some irresponsible owner, niesubordynowanego yet, a large quadruped, let him go. This galloped across the meadow and after a while he chose a goal fuss, quite inconspicuous-looking, especially in the high grass, medium-sized, yellow-white dog, well muscled, with a decidedly strong head. "Yellow" immediately noticed the intruder. To my surprise, however, he was calm, wagging his tail and the ... clearly a smile on his face watching the striker, who erect quickly approaching. After a while, the whole momentum, the words unrestrained aggression, somewhere disappeared, because the other part (happiness aggressor), there was no gesture "podięcia glove". Opposite it was perfectly civilized, completely sure of your physical superiority and particularly mental - american staffordshire terrier.
This uncommon dog, greatly simplifying, "was introduced" through crossbreeding old bulldogów with former terrierami. Here was especially significant Staffordshire Terrier, they used English to get proper dog fashion of his time fighting these animals and dog fighting with a bull. English Parliament in 1835 officially banned dog fighting organization. This did not mean to stop this practice, which continued even in the twentieth century. That prohibition also constituted a contribution to the development of exports from England and Ireland, on the American continent, bull type dogs & terrier .... to organize fights, but not only.
The first American settlers were exposed to many dangers and therefore were needed versatile, hard, fast, alert and courageous dogs. Their duties consisted of guarding homes and farms, some had to perform the functions of pastoral - to herd cattle and to protect them from wild animals. Manoeuvrable and fast dog had to deal with both rodents and various, often dangerous, reptiles. It was recognized that some larger dogs will better meet the demands guardian and protector, because in the culture they preferred larger ones, which sometimes led to growth of the overall population.
The driving force of the development of the farm "pit bulls" (an arena for fighting called pit) were, however, fighting dogs. At one time interest in these practices also appeared in Mexico. Although in this country fights roosters were the most successful competition dogs but also proved to be good for "making money" and provide excitement fans of bloody spectacles.
In the interwar period there was a further increase in the interest of Americans this type of primitive entertainment, especially since the high-stake bets. Previously imported Staffordshire bull terrier, formed the basis for deriving "improved" somewhat version of the dog, who took the leading position among the type dogs pit - bulls, dogs to fight. Bulldog strength, agility terrier and legendary courage of this dog, animal, describes him unusual. He is intelligent, lively, perceptive. These features make amstaff a great guardian, protector, defender, a valuable member of the herd - family.
Already during World War I, american pit bull terriers have enjoyed great popularity in the United States. For his services at the front (he saved the lives of many soldiers warning about the gas attack), a dog named Stubby got the rank of sergeant and a medal for bravery. Presidential medal, decoration at the White House, made a general Pershing. Representatives discussed the breed have become somewhat synonymous with America. Their likeness appeared on postage stamps, comic books, posters. Some companies have used a pit bull likeness for advertising their products (including Lewis).
Enthusiasts of these dogs come up with two names: the American pit bull terrier and American Staffordshire terrier. The difference is formal, contractual, although not entirely. In 1936 a group of breeders who want to expose their kids to events organized by the American Kennel Club, and develop breeding by a specific standard, both in terms of appearance and characteristics of a dog's human companion, registered breed under the name Staffordshire Terrier. The word "American" were added only in 1974. This standard is recognized by the FCI, i.e. International Federation Kennel Club which also owns Poland. Dogs called american pit bull terrier are not recognized as a breed in the / organization canine.
The AKC - the main and largest American club - ruled out the use of dogs for fighting (like FCI). The judge who notices on the show dog with scars, scars indicating that the dog was used for fighting - should disqualify him. It should be mentioned that at present other than the aforementioned, American cynological organizations, including rigorous approach to dog-fighting and participation in such events cause sanctions in the form of, among others, rescinding life genealogies, prevent the registration of litters of puppies like. The American Staffordshire Terrier is not a dog a big but feels very strong. Musculature, flexibility and agility with the full expression of the general expression, gives it a quaint charm, very lovable dog.
Despite the long-term culture aimed at consolidating friendly features amstaff, remember that temperament and mental qualities of representatives of this race represent a significant potential for aggression toward other dogs. Provoked to attack, not socialized amstaff not properly raised and trained from the earliest period of life, can become a source of serious problems for its owner. Puppy socialization should begin early - getting to know strangers, other animals and especially dogs (but not provoking a fight) and any ambient phenomena as n.e. traffic, different sounds, is a range of experiences, which should be well known already discussed the young representative of the breed. Travelling various means of transport like a car, bus, or train as well as a peaceful response to unexpected stimuli like passing a bicycle, running man or someone moving differently than others are also important determinants of the civilization of our kids. You should take care to see that this dog never left unattended outside his apartment or area.
At the age of 10 - 12 months, it is advisable to make our ward undergone obedience training. Intelligence, mobility, activity are the advantages of easy to learn, and when fully grown up - a good part in various competitions such as agility (overcoming time adequate track of obstacles), pulling weights, etc. In the case of individuals stubborn, not willing to subordinating the will of the guide - consistency, peace and perseverance in training a dog brings usually the desired effect.
Care is very straightforward - a few minutes of brushing is a massage of the skin, removing possibly paprochów and consequently proper gloss coat. Bath limit to a minimum, keeping in mind the exact proper rinsing shampoo and wiped the whole body. Periodically clean the eyes, ears and teeth (preventing scale buildup). If the dog does not run on hard ground which favors natural attrition claws, they should be seen and possibly trim. Health problems that wyodrębniałyby discussed race from the other dogs do not exist. It should be remembered that amstaffs withstand pain, and it may happen that a long time, the subject will not showed any signs of disease or injury. Hence the need for careful observation of a four-legged companion in time to prevent the development of disease.
Appearance and destiny american staffordshire terrier
- height at the withers: 46-48 cm dog, bitch 44-46 cm.
- Weight: 20-30 kg (It is important to maintain proportionality weight and height)
- Head: Medium length, broad skull. Stop too pronounced, straight topline nose. Pronounced cheek muscles. Ears set high, copied or natural. - Eyes: dark, round, wide apart, with no pink rims.
- Body: ribs well sprung, close, well back. Cage broad and deep. - Hair: short, close-fitting, shiny.
- Colour: any color jednomaścisty, piebald, brindle. Ointment completely white, white on the surface of greater than 80% silhouettes dog, black and tan or liver color is not preferred.
- Tail: low set, tapering towards the end. Do not curled. Not docked. - Disqualification: nose, light or pink eyes, tail too long or badly carried, undershot or overshot. Purpose: dog accompanying defender. Well coexist with children. Friendly towards other people if you are not a threat. (may show aggression towards other dogs). It has a high need for exercise. She loves fun. Price puppy in Poland ranges from approx. 1200 zł. 3000 zł .. Lifespan 10 - 13 years.
Alpine dachsbracke USE
Alpine Hounds dachsbracke is a compact, robust dogs with great passion. Due to its slower chase too low on the track, so that game will not leak from them too quickly. In Poland, still less numerous, they work mainly as posokowce, but they are also doskonyłymi dzikarzami. We are happy to go into the water, they retrieve well. In practice, also we found high sharpness to predators. In some countries they are used as hounds to hunt hares, and even as norowce. However, "the world will know the lower the Wind" and this predisposes them to work on the trail. Our experience shows that already 6-month puppies after a few workouts, they are able without any major problems rozpracowywać artificial tracks for several hours (without ink) located in the shoes tropic or tropic wheel. By nature, they are friendly, but wary of strangers. They show great patience with small children - what "remake" our. Due to the slight increase and short hair are hassle-free homes, although left to themselves can be quite temper. Mentally mature faster than posokowce Hanoverian and Bavarian, which guarantees us the possibility of early use of dog in the fishery. And most importantly: rarely they fall into the hands niemyśliwych, probably due to its moderately attractive exterior, but it happens, and so that the hunter buy a dog in the hope that it will have a faithful hunting companion, bring home and ... after a few days the household (mostly female) they say it is their dog and the forest it will not let go - the story authentic summary must be said that jamnikogończe but a small stature, have a big heart to hunt and are a race with a possible use in various fisheries - not only those from the big game.
History of breed
- Antiquity: from this period are known for paintings of dogs similar in type to the Alpine hound
- 1881. Rudolf Habsburg in his book "Travels 1881 East." He describes hunters, accompanied jamnikowate Hounds
- 1886. Ludwik Beckman and Otto Grashey perpetuate Dachsbracke on his paintings
- 1896. : Austria formed a trade union organization, which sets breeding base and rules of organizing exhibitions, the organization's activity destroys the outbreak of World War I, which also causes the fall breeding race
- 1919. Reborn club - takes place and meeting with over 200 participants
- 1923. : Dachsbracke club formed branches in Germany, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Slovenia - 1932. : Austrian cynological organizations recognize the third race of the Alpine warrant posokowca
- 1934. : August Baumann book seems Fri. "Alpine jamnikogończy ore mountains"
- 1938. Austria loses sovereignty and Austrian club is absorbed by the Germans
- 1946. Max Zermatto rebuild the club and conduct the first trial use
- 1975. FCI record race under the name alpine dachsbracke No. 254, the club carried a 200-passionate examination of usefulness
- 1990. Josef Stangl book seems Fri. "Alpine jamnikogończy" - 1996. 100-anniversary of the Club Dachsbracke
- 1999. 400-passionate examination of usefulness, followed by the development of international cooperation clubs alpine warrant krótkonożnego after 2000. On the initiative of Col. Joseph Głowniak attempt was made to appoint Polish Club Dachsbracke - 2005.: In April brings the General Assembly of the Founding of the Polish Club Dachsbracke, elected authorities and bodies of the Club, the Club opens for business
Alaskan Malamute owes its existence to the people residing in areas of Canada, the United States and Russia, the icy world stretching from the Bering Strait, to the fjords of East Greenland. This people are Inuit. Before 35 thousand years ago people migrated from Liquid center of Asia and crossed the Bering Strait. With them migrated type dogs jackal. These dogs were crossed with the Arctic wolves, and over the centuries they have brought a distinctive northern races in the type Malamute. Were characterized by rough, shaggy fur, curled over the back tail and pointed snouts. People living in these cold areas without access to any technology accompanied by their dogs with which they hunted, hunted game and moved around, though not yet known when the sled is to use two rods whose ends combined over the back of the dog. When the peoples of the far north colonized specific area, have begun to breed dogs with specific need in their characteristics and temperament. They began to appear some patterns and so people called Malehmiuci selected the dogs strong, sturdy, which could operate at very economical diet. This people using these dogs hunted and moved when I started running out of food while overcoming large areas. These dogs are moving their belongings do not have to be fast, because moving along with their masters. They were very persistent and strong. Inuit Mahlemut settled areas near Kotzebue Sound in North-Western-section of Alaska. It was there that created this wonderful breed. Alaska malamute dogs we meet also further south near the coast. Alaska malamute been friendly to man, but not against other dogs. Often they competing for food, for leadership in a herd of females. This struggle often ended in tragedy for one of the dogs. Additionally, dogs were regarded as food and in severe cases ended up as food for humans and other dogs. Individuals experienced the strongest, and the average life expectancy does not exceed 7 years. In addition Mahlemuci kill and eat dogs aggressive towards people, hence their unusual gentleness today in relation to man. Part of dogs castrated to avoid wszczynały fights, also ate less and better working and breeding was spent just strong and hard-working young individuals. When gold fever broke out in 1896. prospectors began to need strong dogs to work and carry loads. The cost of this team was very big around 1500 $ per team and $ 500 for a good dog. Race was approved by the ACK in 1935, the same where it was created "Alaskan Malamute Club of America".
About breed
Malamute - Dog extraordinary in every respect. Certainly every breeder is willing to say the same thing about the breed, which grows. But how to explain this incredible combination of enchanting primitive type of beauty so clouded with a wild wolf, with unusually gentle and friendly in relation to human nature? Mild wolf - at first glance improbable, but possible. Many publications will meet determination that the Malamute is not a dog for everyone. And that's the truth. Often we decide to have a dog of a breed solely in appearance, and not paying attention to his character, temperament, uspsobienie or utility. So we created for you this as objectively as possible "Understanding Race" is not concealing defects and sparing no benefits so that you can przeczytając him to decide whether you want to be happy Malamute owners .... or not.
Character
Breed talking about exceptionally friendly attitude of the Malamute to man. In the past they were used not only for hunting and transporting cargo, but also to care for children. Aggressive dogs consistently eliminated from the culture most often their deaths. Therefore in today's Malamutes aggression towards humans it is a feature rather unusual. In relation to children malamutes are extremely friendly, docile and extremely patient. Quietly they hate them "petting" and here is our task to ensure that a child guided by curiosity did not unintentionally harm the dog by putting his finger into the eye for example. It is this immense patience and love for children Malamute made that these dogs began to be used in dog therapy or treatment and rehabilitation of people with disabilities through contact with the dog. In Poland, dog therapy works for several years and is increasingly popular form of rehabilitation. Malamute gentle disposition makes it unsuitable for the caretaker of the property. However, it has a great sense of the situation and is able to distinguish with what intentions arrived at our guest. If we are to welcome him warmly - a dog as well. If the guy's intentions are not friendly, strongly associated with us emotionally Malamute will react anxiously. Never, however, do not expect that we will be defended tooth and even training in this direction will have no effect. Although the Malamute is a dog extremely przyjecielskim towards people, so a little different thing applies when it comes to its relations with other animals. Here some of the features are apparent dominance over other dogs. Usually he has to be "the boss," but not in any way provoked by another dog that turns him submissive - not to attack. Propensity to hunt can make the Malamute throw in pursuit of roe deer or hare. Such hunting but usually fails and the dog after a while come back to us breathless, but happy with adventure. Malamutes are also known for his passion for dealing havoc in domestic poultry houses. Chickens are a fairly easy prey so often end their lives in the teeth of the dog, who once again find their way into the house, we can be sure that there will be a frequent visitor. A big attraction is also cows, horses and goats. So it's good to adequately protect the area after which a dog runs so that he had no possibility to get off the fence. However, we do not perceive Malamutes as murderers and conquerors weaker hens. Remember that our dog will behave like him to learn and will do it every allow him. We know Malamute, who brought up from birth in the holding wore in his mouth small chickens and did them any harm. Some growers also grow Malamutes the above mentioned livestock and dogs accustomed to them nauczły to treat them with indifference. In conclusion we can say that the malamute would be willing to accept any other animal, if only early start to familiarize him with it and with the greater number of new developments will acquaint our dog the more civilized he will behave. Although it happens that some deep-rooted tendencies we can not completely eliminate, it very much depends just on us - the people.
Education
Some say - stupid, because I do not carry signals. The reason for this disobedience, however, lies elsewhere. Until the time one would like to hear his thoughts when the tenth time in a row make him sit and give paw. "Why? I've done it so many times. Enough! It's awfully boring! May I just go?" - Sometimes you can see it in his eyes. Monotony and repetition "over and over" the same - it's not for him. The Malamute is not a blind performer of our commands. It is not our servant, but a partner. Although many of them end with a very good result of course PT (Companion Dog) is jdnak they can not be "stop-the-fly" like a German shepherd. If we want to teach nastawmy rather for a longer period of time and let the lessons last a maximum of 10-15 minutes, let them be varied and interesting, and each correct behavior rewarded with something delicious. Let us be consistent against him. Earlier, let's with other members of the household at the dog allowed to do and what not. Malamutes are very docile, despite appearances brilliant and very eager to learn, because above all appreciate the work and contact with humans. The key to success in education Malamute is to develop an individual relationship between man and dog. If we succeed, it has already achieved half the battle. Such a bond is not formed immediately. You have to work at it sometimes quite long. He stays often with her dog, talk with him, strive to learn and get to know each other, and that connection will generate itself. I did not even notice when. Health
Stringent conditions malamutes from which they originate dogs made them extremely resistant to disease. If only we'll make sure deadlines vaccinations should not have major problems with the health of our Malamute. Particular caution is recommended in case of small puppies. Very important is the quarantine-vaccination. 3 weeks after each vaccination let us not allow a situation in which the puppy Zia could come with viruses or bacteria. This could end up tragically for him. Izolujmy them from other dogs especially stray and those on which we are not sure whether they are healthy. The best and safest way is at this time a puppy at all avoid contact with other animals. Give the young body to produce its own protection. Pilnujmy that the puppy was not in a place where a lot of droppings of other dogs, and that not raised anything from the ground. The most common though still sporadic ailment adult Malamutes is gastrointestinal upset. Manifested loose stools and there unfortunately, but mostly our fault. Malamute stomach is quite sensitive to sudden changes in karma, and if every day we give him food other than the one you ate before, his digestive system can react in this way. Normally 1 day hunger strike (only water to drink) in this case refers very good effect. If you want to change the karma of our dog should do it gradually over 7-10 days, adding to the food, which he ate so far the new food. We start from a few granules and gradually change the proportions of adding new and specifically our old karma, until complete replacement with a new one. In addition to the vaccinations should be every 6 months odrobaczyć dog. Puppies deworming every 3 months to complete 1 year of age. Nieodrobaczany dog can lose condition - lose weight, but your appetite will remain unchanged, the hair can become dull, become brittle and fragile. These are the first signs of infestation, after which we must respond quickly because the toxins produced by the worms may make in the dog's body serious harm. Dog's normal body temperature is 38 - 38.5 degrees Celsius. Dry nose is usually a symptom rather high temperature of approx. 40 - 41 degrees. Physiologically dog may have a dry nose during sleep, and when staying in an overheated room. In another case, the temperature may indicate the beginning of the infection. Malamutes the disease is rare and, as already mentioned, are relatively immune, but if you ever notice alarming symptoms of our dog that may indicate a deterioration of his condition zdowia or infection, let's not try to treat it on your own, do not provide "human" drugs, do not let's play in the vet but just let us go to him. Just as every person has his family doctor, so our dog should also have your veterinarian. Let us consider which doctor to choose and try to, if necessary, walk the dog back to him. Let the vet knows our dog from the beginning.
Nourishment
The remains of the table even out of the question. We have their food and their dogs. Spices we use are definitely not dogs. Done dry foods, which the market is now large selection. They have all the necessary dog nutrients and micronutrients in the right proportions. Karma we can individually adjust to each dog. They are food for puppies (separately for breeds of small, medium, large and giant), for adult dogs (low, medium and high activity, and for dogs prone to allergies and skin problems) and for older dogs (over 8 years) , easily digestible and easily absorbed. Some food also contain ingredients teeth cleaning and strengthening of bones and joints. When choosing food we should especially take care of the growing puppy. Do not żałujmy money for good karma, as the pup grows after all, only once, and just like we do not invest on such a dog will grow. By choosing the feed we should know that the sale of so-called. karma "higher" and the "lower" shelf. The difference between them lies not only in price but also in the composition. Cheaper feed are produced with less valuable and therefore less digestible products. Let us choose food grade "Premium". They are very well balanced, manufactured from high quality, well digestible ingredients. The dosage depends on the age and weight of the dog. All information on this subject can be found on the packaging. Of course you can feed your dog personally prepared food - cooking vegetables, rice, slice or mince meat. But all this takes time. Ingredients must be listed in the right proportions, and this added vitamins and trace elements, which dosage you should consult with your veterinarian. Vitamins are naturally a source of health but administered in excess can be harmful. Vitamin C is the only one whose excess is flushed out of the body. Excess of other vitamins accumulates in tissues and organs, which in turn can lead to damage. Overdose of vitamin D3 to prevent rickets causes leaching of calcium from the body and excessive administration of calcium also can hurt. Feeding dry food ready so it is not "bingeing" but rather a sensible step. We save time, and while we make sure that our dog gets all that is necessary to maintain proper body condition. Malamute summer
It goes without saying that the Malamute prefer winter of summer. Often view Malamute summer with dense, rich fur arouses sympathy and suggests that the dog must be awfully tired of this "outfit". The very name of the breed (Alaskan Malmute) says that the dog comes from Alaska. But remember that Alaska is not the land of the ice and prevail there, both 40 progressive frost and 30 gradually heat. These dogs are so well adapted to zmienych weather conditions. The dense fur more help than harm at high temperatures. Why? The Malamute has a fur consists of two layers: a thick, woolly down (undercoat) and more rigid top coat. It is this dense undercoat provides excellent insulation and protects the dog both frost and from the heat. It is much harder to endure heat short-haired dogs (such as Dalmatians, Dobermans, Shepherds ...) and having a shortened muzzle (eg boxers, pugs, Dogue de Bordeaux ...). Muzzle your dog is a very important element in the process thermoregulation. If there is a shortened body's cooling process it is much more difficult. Add to this an extraordinary innate capacity orgaizmu Malamute and we have the answer. This does not mean, however, that heat is indifferent to him. Malamutes summer behave in a rather unique way. Naturally reduces their physical activity. Living in the dog house most often sleeps most of the day lying down in a cool place, which he chooses for himself. Showed greater activity in the early morning and evening. When the dog lived in the yard you can be seen skonności to dig wells were put up and przesypiają most of the day. In this weather, do not forget about fresh cool water in the bowl of our favorite. Malmauty love to swim almost the same as running. If only we can let's get our dog to the water. Better yet, go with him instead of little uczęszczalne by humans. His behavior can arouse panic when we let him off the leash around sunbathing sunbathers. Most are wild gallops shore of the beach, slalom between blankets and brushed off out of the water. This, however, retains most of the dogs - not just malamutes. Such a trip to the water on a hot day will certainly be a great attraction for our dog. We have already mentioned reduced physical activity Malamutes summer. That reduced activity causes the dog on hot days often has a smaller appetite, and sometimes it happens that does not eat at all. Do not force him so and I do not advocate eating. A smaller amount of traffic causes less zapotrzebowaie energy, which provides food. If your dog sleeps almost all hot day, its demand for energy is negligible. Hence the reluctance to eat. The best time to walk in the summer is the time between 6:00 and 7:00 am and 21:00 - 23:00 in the evening. In the meantime wychodźmy with the dog for a short time to arranged their physiological needs (when the dog lives in the house). If you follow the above advice you will be convinced themselves that malamutowi summer is not so bad, and certainly no worse than inym dogs.
The nature of the Big Japanese Dog (Akita-type US)
As dogs companions Samurai and Shoguns, were seen as bold and fearless. Their very attitude meant that often deter strangers. Dogs were also used during hunting game. Currently psami- are excellent companions serve as a guard dog, and the dog to the team. To date, courage and loyalty are inseparable elements of their character. Large Japanese dogs have a very specific personality, so are suitable for people calm yet resolute. Hard raising these dogs, depending on the inclination, it can cause fearfulness or aggression. Most achieved through friendly, patient and consistent upbringing. If he or she resigns, he will try to take over the leadership of his flock (will try to subdue the family members), because it belongs to the dominant dog. Despite this LU are very intelligent, can be skillfully trained, eg. In the field of canine sports. When putting pressure becomes stubborn, because submission is alien to them. Only kindness and patience to achieve its objective, as indeed all in this race. American Akita is well suited eg .: on psa- lifeguard and works well while searching for people trapped by an avalanche mountain. This job is for them a valuable variety. With the constantly repeating the same ćwiczeniach- refuses to end the cooperation. Besides, you can never be 100% sure that listen, even when a dog of this breed is well mannered. If akita is not ready to give up other dogs, with large as well as dominant dogs it may be in trouble. Small dogs will instead mostly ignored. Originally, as hunting dogs, there was still much more strongly developed in their propensity for hunting. In forest areas rich in prey do better by holding their picket on a leash. Beautiful hair of these dogs is made up of two layers (hair and undercoat), and is very easy to care for. Only when the hair shedding (molting), twice a year, it must be combed and brushed daily. Despite the fact that Japanese and American Akitas have the same origin, their varieties developed under different conditions. In the United States, they are now bred Akitas strong, strong bone and peaceful. In Japan, in the 60s in accordance with the prevailing fashion, geared towards their breeding to obtain copies of small, neat and with a fine structure. As a result, the resulting differences in the two types of these dogs, it was decided to classify them as: * Akita- Inu (Japanese Akita), recognized by the Kennel Club to Group V * Large Japanese dogs (American Akita), classified in Group II Big Dog Japanese, like everyone Spitz is a great individualist. He is very confident, sometimes stubborn and imperious. If from early as puppies it is properly run, then for the guide and his family is gentle, affectionate and effusive friend. Relative strangers remains wary, aloof, unwilling to enter into a closer relationship, which makes it ideal for a watchman. It is not noisy. Strangers, recessed by a tutor, will be watched not spoufalając with them, ready to attack at the time of emergency. Unless provoked a sustainable, not showing too violent reactions dog in walce- dogged, relentless and unstoppable. At the mismanagement of conduct can and have predispositions to both physical and mental, dominate guardian. Therefore, training in obedience should begin as early as puppies, because they are dominant dogs. Once acquired dominant position will try by all means to maintain, which can be very dangerous for anyone who wants to deprive him of this position. Accordingly, the LU is not suitable for elderly, physically weak, and too commanding, submissive or nerve. A typical feature of the race is a huge commitment of dogs to owners, as every day can experience everyone who chose this dog companion. Initially, it was used as hunting dogs to hunt wild boar, deer and even dangerous black bears. They valued them for their obstinacy, ferocity and ruthlessness in battle, as well as passion for hunting. Hunting for bears, usually worked in pairs, male-female. First, they beset by an animal, staggering around it circles. When the bear raised up on his hind paws, the dog attacked the flank, and bitch at the same time, biting the throat. The fight took place in complete silence. Often, however, it happened that the dogs died from hitting the bear paws. One source reports that in Colorado (USA) pair of dogs after the 30-minute fight knocked 400 kg grizzly bear. Old sources represent akita, as dogs that helped fishermen in the fishery. Doggy usually sat next to his master on the rock, almost a meter above the water and watched the behavior of fish (trout and salmon) near the shore. When this podpływała close to shore, the dog on command, jumped into the water to catch it and bring it to his master. With the jump from such a height dog he was forced to dive into water, often to a depth of up to 1 meter. According to the messages, the average effectiveness of such catch fish amounted to approx. 60-70%. These dogs also reportedly helped with wpędzaniu fish to the network, but so far I have not found documented description of the manner in which they did so only with the mention. The nature quiet dogs also worked as a guard dog, protecting livestock against wild boars. This race also valued for his outstanding fidelity guardian. Over time, their popularity grows, akita- known for his strength and focus, she has become a popular player dogfighting, particularly in the area of Kazuno and Senboku. Fights have been the subject of numerous plants, and interest in them so much that even introduced championship. This success of this bloody sport was made possible by the fact that these dogs have the potential tendency to dominate, especially in relation to other dogs, while the rollers are fast, fierce and unstoppable. Usually, the fight took place on a small catwalk surrounded by netting. Their area of about 40-50 square meters, with a height of over two meters. In any case, the fight ended in the death of one of the dogs. This resulted in an increase in aggression in the winner with increasing number of defeated opponents.
History of the breed
While searching for information on the race, on one of the websites I found an interesting mention. It concerned the origin of Akitas. It stipulated that these dogs belong to one of the oldest breeds in the world. They found for carvings in the rocks with their likeness looking like modern Akitas, which originated before 5000 years. The exact origin of the breed and pedigree remain to this day unknown. One idea was that the breed originated in the seventeenth century. Living in exile, in the province of Akita in the northern region of the island Hoshu, a Japanese aristocrat, he decided to grow courageous and strong hunting dog. Bred dog, however, was smaller than today's Akita. They were the elite dogs. The only owners and their dogs breeders could only be Japanese shoguni. The method of taking care of the dogs, ie. Both care and nutrition, was described in strictly complied with and protected documentation. This demonstrates the high esteem, which attracted dogs of this breed. Were of great value, so to speak, they enjoyed a sort of cult that has not turned over any other dog. In the nineteenth century they began to use Akita fighting dog. At the end of the nineteenth century (around 1897.), Hoping to spice up the course "professions" started crossbreeding their dogs with other dogs battle the Japanese, among others tosa inu. The result of this cross was getting aggressive dog of impressive size. This led almost to extinction Akitas. In defense of the purity of the breed occurred Mayor of Odate Mr. Izumi Mr. Shigeie. In 1900,. Two dogs of this breed were presented to the Emperor Taisho, and in 1914. At the exhibition Taisho. Public opinion supported the movement to defend the purity of the breed, and already in 1919. Approved a bill to preserve the purity of the breed. A year later, Dr. Shozaburo Watase made in Odate review of the population of dogs, but because of the large number of different types of dogs he was not able to extract the dog, who would retain the right for the breed characteristics. The results are shown in the work "Origin of Japanese Dogs", as well as the Zoological Society Meeting in 1922. Once again returned to this theme in the work "History of maintaining the purity of breed Japanese" Mr Hiroshi Saito. In 1927. Akiho standard was developed. In 1931, again carried out a review of dog population under the chairmanship of Dr Tokyo Kaburagi, whereas in 1931. You changed the name to Akita dog. Dog used for breeding King-Go, bitch Matsukaze Shigeichi Mr. Izumi, Mr. Ichinoseki bitches, bitches Mr. Aoyagi, dogs and bitches Lord Tatayama. An end to dog fighting was laid in 1931. When the Akita was officially recognized as a "national dog of Japan", while forbidding the export of these dogs from Japan. During the Second World War the breed almost became extinct. Why? Now, because of the great food shortages, any person dokarmiającą dog was considered a traitor. Maintaining such a large dog was too expensive and could not be at the expense of life or human health. Dogs used for meat and skin. The war left about a dozen dogs of this breed. The post-war culture was also difficult because malnourished dogs breed poorly, many fell on the dog distemper and other diseases, many were burdened with malformations. The first dog brought over to the United States was given to Mrs. Helen Keller in July 1937. From Mr. Ichiro Ogasawara (later chairman of Akiho) dog Kamikaze-Go (Takichi Mr. Takahashi), who, however, soon fell to distemper. Two years later, Mr. Ogasawara gave Helen Keller another dog Kenzan-Go, an older brother of Kamikaze-Go, born in the house of the Lord Eijiro Kanazawa of Odate. After the war, it has grown in popularity Akitas in the international arena. They contributed to the American soldiers who are returning to the country brought with them these wonderful dogs. At that time, the dog Congo-Go won the exhibition JKC similar type of dog won at the show Akihoco resulted in an increase of interest in this race, especially since the late 40's to mid 50's. Dogs line Kongo-Go were large, heavily built and majestic, but their appearance differed from those whom became interested in Japanese breeders. With time, Akitas promoted appearance in the United States ran from the appearance of those bred in Japan. Akita is a symbol of dog's loyalty-good and bad. These are dogs "in love" with their owners, faithful to them until the end. An example of this might be the story of Hachi-Ko, a dog through which the world has learned that there is a creature (unfortunately not a man, a dog), for which the concept of love, devotion and fidelity are not empty words, and the meaning of life.
Hachiko
Hachiko, the Akita Inu breed puppy, was born in 1923. His owner was a professor of Tokyo University, Eisubaro Ueno. Now, when Hachi-Ko has grown slightly with age puppy, his habit has become a daily discharge of his master on the small square in front of Shibuya station. He returned on the same day, about four o'clock in the afternoon to greet you return from work. Every day, you and the dog, regardless of the weather, parted and greeted in the square in front of the station. It seemed that nothing can disturb the harmony that has prevailed between them. However, in 1925, when the dog was 18-months old, Hachi-Ko, as usual, took leave his master getting into the train, but in vain lookout for his return at four o'clock in the afternoon. Well Eisubaro Ueno died in the workplace. They knew about it all, but no one could, he could not explain the dog, who returned every little square outside the station, looking at the door of the train beloved master. It lasted nine years, until the death of the dog. Every day, over this period, the dog returned to the place where you said goodbye for the last time. Friendly people cared for him and fed him, but he accepted all the signs of concern with complete indifference. No one could replace his canine heart Eisubaro Ueno. Hachi-Ko became famous, thanks to an article that appeared in the press on 10/04/1932. Fri .: "A Moving Story of an Old Dog" and in honor of his honor and devotion erected a bronze statue of him made by the Japanese sculptor Teru Ando. Another example of such an extraordinary devotion to man is the story of 12 dogs Akita Inu, who took part in 1957. Participated in a scientific expedition on the south course. Difficult weather conditions prevented in this expedition and Japanese scientists were forced to return from the middle of the route. However, in a place where they got left part of the equipment and dogs. They returned after 3.5 years. We can imagine their surprise when on-site greeted their (full set) dogs. They survived all so amazing for other races, or even impossible, adaptability to different, even very harsh environmental conditions. They fed by what is found on the shore several hundred kilometers distant ocean. But constantly coming back to this place where you left them at the mercy of the elements people. They were waiting for the return of those whose loved. At the airport Tokyo, a memorial for the 12 dogs that survived the 1957 expedition.
Legends
Browsing the available sources I came across an interesting mention of the presentation of this breed. Well, dogs have been carried out usually colored, woven with cotton leashes, which, depending on the rank of the holder of a dog were also interspersed with silver or gold thread. The color of the leash must also harmonize with the coat of the dog. Japanese literature shows the Akita as a dog old and a native of ownership which were related to certain beliefs. Those who could not afford the dog (could it have nobles) had to settle for his likeness. Small statues of wood, of Akita performed by Japanese sculptors, were attractive, good-luck Christmas gifts. They were a symbol of ownership. They associated with their specific beliefs passed down from generation to generation. And yes, it received bride in the wedding day, for it was the mascot brings luck. The statue Akitas, and located at the laboring woman was to ensure trouble-free parturition. Donated baby, the little statue was a symbol of the subsequent strength, health and intelligence recipient. Figurine suspended over the cradle of the child had to protect him from bad dreams. Akitas were considered the national dog of Japan, whose existence during the Second World War was threatened. The breed was extinct. After 1945, Akitas, as specific "gifts" from the Japanese their way to the United States. There, they started to create differences in the type Akitas raised there and propagated, and akitami Japanese. Differences related to the construction and coat dogs. By the end of the year '99, in principle, it was possible reproduction of both types, ie. Choosing Akita Japanese Akita type in the type of American. Now, after the division, the selection of the pairs is unacceptable due to the different classification of both races.
Breed lovers call it the "best dog" and any references repeats the term "king of terriers". The name is deserved, not only because of its size. Airedale Terrier is - like almost all terriers - formally the British race, precise English. The etymology of the name is not in doubt: Aire - is the name of the river, dale - this valley. This river and its valley lies in York County. Airedale is not a race old: like most of today's races took shape in the XIX century. His ancestors were certainly Otterhound - big-haired hound English used to hunt otters (race rare, but still exists), and the extinct Old English black-and-tan terrier. When in today's Airedale sometimes it appears large, heavy, "flabby", low-set ears - is said to be a "drop in the otterhoundzie". When and today it happens sometimes that adult Airedale remains black and tan (color similar to the Rottweiler or Doberman) - said that it is a "drop in the black-and-tan terrierze".
USE
ancestors of Airedale t. Were therefore hunting dogs - no wonder so be it and he can be an excellent multilateral hunting dog who liked each area. May fetch sharpeners, track and startle, and even expose. As a working terrier too much trust in his own strength and not always besieges, sometimes even attacking. Being a big dog, and so necessarily wrong turning as Jagdterrier or fox terrier, is exposed to a greater extent saber canines boar or sow. Few hunters hunting out with Airedale t. - But those who do, praise him myself. Modern Airedale is a show dog, but is one of the versatile utility. His talents allow him to be a dog obrończym, guide the blind, the registration dogs in the army. In both world wars served in the armies of the British, American and Canadian.
PSYCHIC
Airedale terrier psyche is not only a luxurious dog, where you can show off at the show. There is also a lovely pet. A great lover of the breed, an Englishwoman, Mrs. Irene Hayes thus writes about the "king of terriers": "Many people think that dogs of this breed are too large to keep them in the house. I share this view disagree. Airedale makes much less trouble than representatives of more than one of small breeds (...). If it has its place - stay on it. If you accidentally find yourself on your way - you will have you such confidence that will allow you to go over them without disturbing you with this and not doing no movement ". In the field it changed beyond recognition. Full of temperament, react rapidly to any stimulus. It happens that engulfed example. Stalking or fun forgets for a moment even for his master. It is generally friendly disposed toward other dogs, but can perfectly fight accosted being strong, fast and turning for a dog of this measure.
HISTORY BREEDING
The first mention of this breed comes from the 1860s. Then Airedale was known as waterside terrier, working terrier or Bingley Terrier. In 1888. Was registered Airedale Vol. 1: it was a dog, "Airedale Jerry". For the first time Airedale presented at the exhibition in Birmingham. Then the breed's development occurs rapidly. In the twentieth century there are famous dogs and famous English cultures Rural, Westhay, Tycroit, Siccaway. Immediately after the war the most formidable Airedale considered Riverina RE UNION, grandfather later winner Cruft, as well as beautiful bitch, Riverina ENCORE. In 1961 Airedale wins in choosing the "Best In Show" on CRUFTcie. This is a great feast for lovers of the breed. The winner is memorable Riverina TWEEDSBAIRN. After twenty-five years (1986) repeated the success TWEEDSBAIRNA beautiful Ginger CHRISTMASS CAROL ("EMMA") - Italian champion of culture cooperating with the famous English breeding Jokyl. Excellent Airedale t. Appear in the United States. The greatest contribution to the culture put there imported from England Ch.Bengal SABU, a representative of the culture of loud lady Harmsworth. More recently, newer is currently the leading British and American lines must be replaced Starguj, Florac and Tartan. The best dogs Anglo-Saxon nineties it Ch.Stargus KINGS HIGHLANDER dog and bitch Ch.Jokyl THIS IS MY SONG (England), and Ch.Florac KING OF SCOTS at Stargus and Ch.Timberwyck WILD BILL CODY (USA). Excellent Airedale t. To Germany. Often they win major exhibition FCI. Many leading breeding still worth mentioning, even if not already existing v.d.Schönen Bergen, as well as v.Garnsee, v.Blasiusberg. With other European farming is important to the Dutch of Malton.
Airedale dog is dolichocephalic. Great art in the culture was to achieve such a long and narrow head, and yet so solid skeleton. Airedale should have thick, straight legs, a great body, deep chest and short loins. Should be a dog square, but with a continuous top line of the neck and trunk (Figure it can not be drawn in the same straight lines). You should have a long neck, but short back. It should be strong, but at the same time not too wide. His tail has to be long and straight or slightly curved, vertically worn - but the most important is the high rear. The ideal is where a tail like a "standing on his back," and behind it can still scratch the rump. Required is an excellent angulated limbs and their excellent movement. Airedale terrier runs parallel limbs in action throwing them away toward the front. His trot is rhythmic and fluid, and step long enough, though - as a terrier - is a typical galopenem. Ears Airedale t. Can not be serious, "ogarowate" but also offend the ears too light "foksterierowate". These are small triangles with a distinct edge of collapse. The eyes are small, dark and bright. Airedale t. Is a dog szorstkowłosym a clear differentiation of hair on a hard coating and a softer undercoat. His coat requires proper care (trimming), preceded by plucking (stripping). Airedale t. Is a dog two-color: black and red or gray-fawn. The very depth of tones of both colors is not as important as their mutual arrangement that the nomenclature umaszczeń defined as saddled (not black-tan!). It's about as small as possible saddle, or dark saddle cover only the back and sides of the neck and torso. Black on the head and limbs is highly undesirable. Teeth Airedale t. Are exceptionally large and strong (like all terriers). Desired bite: scissor permissible - pincer.
